First the filter you speak about is it a silver screw through a black plastic cover and it has a screen in it,with two hoses connected to it? That is the fuel pump.That could be your problem BUT you saying the fuel bulb expands.Are your sure the fuel hose is connected right?There is a arrow on the bulb it should point toward the motor not toward the fuel tank. On the fuel pump one hose comes from the fuel tank connection the other goes to the carb the smaller one to carb. disconnect the small one to the carb,put another hose on that fuel pump nipple then try to start the motor,The temp hose you connected should have fuel pulsing out of it,if it doesnt you have a bad fuel pump.Or try about 1 teaspoon of MIXED fuel in each cylinder (remove the plugs and put fuel in) then try to start it,If it runs then dies you havent fuel reaching the cylinders which again is most likly the fuel pump.