It is not quite what you have been told.....
The carburetors are different. Other than the main jet....the carburetors also have different air jets (which can not be removed) and the jet set is different.
The cam is different, which causes the valves to open differently due to the different fuel amounts coming from the carburetors.
The CDI's are different. Not sure why...probably a timing and rev limit thing (only a guess).
The props are different for the same boat only because the horsepower is different and you will naturally need a different prop to keep the same rpm's.
There may be a few other differences, but those are the main ones.
Mike