I feel your pain.....
Funny, back when I thought I would be young and strong FOREVER, I bought and sold these old pre 90s Honda outboards a lot. I still have parts stockpiled that I'll probably never get organized now that my back has failed.
But, after looking further at your problem, I realize that I've never opened up a carburetor like the one you have. Actually, I don't think I've ever had issues with the old carbs being the the cause of a no start. It's the later models that I've found to be more problematic so I don't know about that rubber "plunger" you refer to and I'm not finding any references to that carb that are more in depth.
As far as paying $400 Canada for it, it's a matter, mostly, of location as to how these are valued. I'm on the west coast and these old girls fetch $500 to $1000 American depending on condition. There are "parts motors" advertised on the web for $1000 TODAY because people that have them LOVE them! They start easily and are quiet to operate.
However a complete, non starting oldy will usually only bring $100 to $200 out here.
I'm going to check in with my Honda guru that wrote the book on old Honda motorcycles and collectors in Japan to see if he can offer any advice about how to research parts for these.
Can you pull any numbers, letters or manufacturer's logos off the carb and post them?
Other than that, I can only say that there's usually a way around most problems like this and you'll need to keep an open mind about how to find a solution. If you need to build up that plunger to get it working, it will have to be a fuel proof material like NEOPRENE or it won't last very long, will melt and just foul the carb passages.
I'll keep looking and post back here if I find anything that you might be able to use.
Don't give up!