Found some 'factory literature". According to it, the 'sender unit' is really a switch that the ECU treats as a discrete. The factory parts list describes it as a sender and not a switch. I checked the MEFI-3 discrete list and it does have this provision. (The MEFI-5 lists an input as transmission temperature but I can't find an analog/discrete label.)
That factory literature also stated it was a 235 deg F switch, which is much hotter than the older 200 degree switches.
My thought is that the ECU does a verification and needs a few looks before it decides to set the code and sound the alarm. I'd expect a minute to be a reasonable timeframe for this to occur.
The only other suggestion is to try it again, but with the engine running. Some of the diagnostic routines (scanning the discrete inputs like overheat switches) will not execute if not needed, or may not make sense, like this one.